Bar\u0131\u015f, sava\u015f\u0131n sona ermesi bak\u0131m\u0131ndan halklar\u0131n en temel taleplerinden biridir. Y\u0131llarca s\u00fcren sava\u015flar\u0131n, \u00f6l\u00fcmlerin, g\u00f6\u00e7lerin ve y\u0131k\u0131m\u0131n ard\u0131ndan silahlar\u0131n susmas\u0131 elbette k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcmsenemez. Ancak tarih bize ba\u015fka bir ger\u00e7e\u011fi de g\u00f6stermektedir: Silahlar\u0131n susmas\u0131 her zaman \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmaya neden sorunlar\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc anlam\u0131na gelmez. Hatta baz\u0131 durumlarda sava\u015f meydan\u0131nda yenilgiye u\u011frat\u0131lamayan bir hareket, bar\u0131\u015f, silahs\u0131zlanma ve entegrasyon s\u00fcreci i\u00e7erisinde siyasal ve \u00f6rg\u00fctsel olarak etkisizle\u015ftirilebilir. Bu nedenle bar\u0131\u015f\u0131n hangi ko\u015fullarda yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131, taraflar\u0131n hangi g\u00fcvencelere sahip oldu\u011fu, silahs\u0131zlanman\u0131n hangi hukuki ve uluslararas\u0131 mekanizmalar alt\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011fi son derece \u00f6nemlidir.
Bug\u00fcn Rojava\u2019da ya\u015fanan geli\u015fmeler a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan da esas tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken nokta budur. Sorun, bar\u0131\u015f\u0131n gerekli olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 de\u011fildir. Sorun \u015fudur; nas\u0131l bir bar\u0131\u015f? Entegrasyon hangi ko\u015fullarda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fecektir? Entegre olan taraf yeni devlet yap\u0131lanmas\u0131n\u0131n e\u015fit ve g\u00fcvenceli bir bile\u015feni mi olacakt\u0131r, yoksa \u00f6nce askeri g\u00fcc\u00fcnden, ard\u0131ndan siyasal iradesinden ve sonunda elde etti\u011fi kazan\u0131mlardan m\u0131 vazge\u00e7ecektir?
Bar\u0131\u015f ile teslimiyet ayn\u0131 \u015fey de\u011fildir. Bir ulusal kurtulu\u015f hareketi veya devrimci hareket a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan silahl\u0131 m\u00fccadele hi\u00e7bir zaman kendi ba\u015f\u0131na ama\u00e7 de\u011fildir. Silah, belirli tarihsel ko\u015fullar i\u00e7inde kullan\u0131lan politik m\u00fccadelenin ara\u00e7lar\u0131ndan biridir. Ko\u015fullar de\u011fi\u015fti\u011finde m\u00fccadele bi\u00e7imleri de de\u011fi\u015febilir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla silahl\u0131 m\u00fccadeleden demokratik ve siyasal m\u00fccadeleye ge\u00e7mek ilkesel olarak yanl\u0131\u015f de\u011fildir. Ancak burada temel \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fc \u015fudur. Silah b\u0131rak\u0131l\u0131rken veya silahl\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7ler ba\u015fka bir devlet yap\u0131s\u0131na entegre edilirken, halk\u0131n u\u011fruna m\u00fccadele etti\u011fi siyasal haklar ve kazan\u0131mlar g\u00fcvenceye al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f m\u0131d\u0131r?
Toprak, stat\u00fc, dil, kimlik, yerel y\u00f6netim, siyasal \u00f6rg\u00fctlenme \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, askeri ve g\u00fcvenlik yap\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n gelece\u011fi, ekonomik kaynaklar\u0131n denetimi ve anayasal teminat konusunda ne elde edilmi\u015ftir? \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc bir hareketin askeri g\u00fcc\u00fc ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonra siyasal talepleri h\u00e2l\u00e2 yaln\u0131zca gelecekte yap\u0131lacak g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelere b\u0131rak\u0131l\u0131yorsa g\u00fc\u00e7 dengesi k\u00f6kl\u00fc bi\u00e7imde de\u011fi\u015fmi\u015f demektir.
Silahlar\u0131n\u0131 ve ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z \u00f6rg\u00fctsel yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 koruyan bir hareketle m\u00fczakere etmek ba\u015fka \u015feydir; askeri g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc da\u011f\u0131tm\u0131\u015f, y\u00f6netim mekanizmalar\u0131n\u0131 merkezi devlete devretmi\u015f ve taleplerinin kabul edilmesini daha sonra b\u0131rak\u0131lan bir hareketin pazarl\u0131k g\u00fcc\u00fc ba\u015fka \u015feydir. Bu nedenle entegrasyon, e\u015fitlerin birle\u015fmesi olabilece\u011fi gibi g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fcn\u00fcn zay\u0131f\u0131 kendi sistemi i\u00e7erisinde eritmesinin ad\u0131 da olabilir.
Aradaki fark\u0131 belirleyen \u015fey g\u00fcvencelerdir. Rojava\u2019da esas mesele, Rojava\u00a0 \/\u00a0\u00a0 Suriye\u2019de son aylarda meydana gelen geli\u015fmeler tam da bu a\u00e7\u0131dan de\u011ferlendirilmelidir. Suriye Demokratik G\u00fc\u00e7leri\u2019nin askeri ve g\u00fcvenlik yap\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n yeni Suriye devlet kurumlar\u0131na entegrasyonu b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti. A\u011fustos 2026 sonunda s\u00fcre\u00e7 ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z SDG askeri yap\u0131lanmas\u0131n\u0131n sona ermesi ya da SDG y\u00f6netiminin kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 ifadeyle entegrasyonun tamamlanmas\u0131 a\u015famas\u0131na geldi. Ancak bununla birlikte K\u00fcrtlerin anayasal stat\u00fcs\u00fc, merkeziyet\u00e7ilik-ademi merkeziyet\u00e7ilik meselesi, yerel y\u00f6netimlerin gelece\u011fi ve baz\u0131 askeri yap\u0131lar\u0131n konumu konusunda \u00f6nemli sorunlar\u0131n s\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Avrupa Parlamentosu ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131 da anla\u015fman\u0131n K\u00fcrtlerin temel taleplerinden olan ademi merkeziyet\u00e7ilik ve anayasal g\u00fcvenceler konusunu b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcyle \u00e7\u00f6zmedi\u011fine dikkat \u00e7ekmektedir. \u0130\u015fte \u00fczerinde d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmesi gereken \u00e7eli\u015fki buradad\u0131r. Akeri entegrasyon tamamlan\u0131rken siyasal ve anayasal stat\u00fc meselesi hen\u00fcz tamamlanmam\u0131\u015fsa, g\u00fc\u00e7 dengesinde ciddi bir de\u011fi\u015fiklik ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar.
Bir taraf somut olarak sahip oldu\u011fu askeri ve idari ara\u00e7lar\u0131 teslim ederken, kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131ndaki siyasal haklar gelecekte haz\u0131rlanacak anayasalara, yasalara veya merkezi h\u00fck\u00fcmetin iyi niyetine b\u0131rak\u0131l\u0131yorsa burada ciddi bir tarihsel risk vard\u0131r. Bu, mutlaka k\u00f6t\u00fc bir sonucun ya\u015fanaca\u011f\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelmez. Fakat tehlikeyi g\u00f6rmezden gelmek de do\u011fru de\u011fildir. Bu ba\u011flamda, son Koban\u00ea olaylar\u0131 neden \u00f6nemlidir? 11\u201312 Eyl\u00fcl 2026\u2019da ya\u015fanan olaylar bu k\u0131r\u0131lganl\u0131\u011f\u0131n k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcmsenmemesi gerekti\u011fini g\u00f6sterdi.
Hesek\u00ea Tugay\u0131\u2019nda g\u00f6rev yapan K\u00fcrt asker Sami \u015eeyhmus Heso\u2019nun \u2014baz\u0131 kaynaklarda S\u00eepan Hizn\u00ee ad\u0131yla ge\u00e7mektedir\u2014 ka\u00e7\u0131r\u0131larak \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmesinin ard\u0131ndan Koban\u00ea ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere protestolar ba\u015flad\u0131. Daha sonra Koban\u00ea cezaevinde \u00e7\u0131kan yang\u0131nda \u00f6l\u00fcmler ya\u015fand\u0131. Yerel kaynaklar hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybedenlerin say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 dokuz olarak bildirirken uluslararas\u0131 haber kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n ilk haberlerinde \u201cen az yedi\u201d ifadesi kullan\u0131ld\u0131. Yang\u0131n\u0131n nas\u0131l ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve b\u00fct\u00fcn sorumluluk zinciri ise hen\u00fcz tam olarak a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011fa kavu\u015fmu\u015f de\u011fildir.
Bu nedenle bu \u00f6l\u00fcmleri bug\u00fcnden kesin bi\u00e7imde \u201cmerkezi olarak planlanm\u0131\u015f fiziki tasfiye\u201d olarak tan\u0131mlamak do\u011fru olmazsa bile bunun olas\u0131l\u0131klar aras\u0131nda oldu\u011funu da kabul etmek gerekiyor.
Entegrasyon sonras\u0131nda g\u00fcvenlik mekanizmas\u0131n\u0131n kimlerin elinde oldu\u011fu, eski sava\u015f\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n g\u00fcvenli\u011finin nas\u0131l sa\u011flanaca\u011f\u0131 ve sorumlular\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z bi\u00e7imde soru\u015fturulup soru\u015fturulamayaca\u011f\u0131 art\u0131k teorik de\u011fil, somut bir meseledir.
Bug\u00fcnk\u00fc olaylar\u0131 \u00f6nemli yapan da budur. Bir bar\u0131\u015f s\u00fcrecinin g\u00fcvenilirli\u011finin ilk s\u0131navlar\u0131ndan biri, silah\u0131n\u0131 b\u0131rakm\u0131\u015f veya ba\u015fka bir yap\u0131ya entegre olmu\u015f eski sava\u015f\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n, siyasal kadrolar\u0131n ve sivil toplum temsilcilerinin g\u00fcvenli\u011fidir.
E\u011fer insanlar \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcyor ve su\u00e7lar\u0131n arkas\u0131ndaki g\u00fc\u00e7ler a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lam\u0131yorsa g\u00fcvensizlik b\u00fcy\u00fcr. G\u00fcvensizlik b\u00fcy\u00fcd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde ise bar\u0131\u015f s\u00fcrecinin toplumsal temeli a\u015f\u0131nmaya ba\u015flar.
Bu a\u00e7\u0131dan d\u00fcnya tarihinin en \u00e7arp\u0131c\u0131 \u00f6rneklerinden biri Kolombiya\u2019d\u0131r.
1980\u2019li y\u0131llarda FARC ile Kolombiya devleti aras\u0131nda y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen bar\u0131\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeleri s\u0131ras\u0131nda silahl\u0131 m\u00fccadeleden demokratik siyasete ge\u00e7i\u015fin bir kanal\u0131 olarak Uni\u00f3n Patri\u00f3tica \u2013 Yurtsever Birlik (UP) ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. UP k\u0131sa zamanda \u00f6nemli bir toplumsal ve se\u00e7im g\u00fcc\u00fc kazand\u0131. Ancak ard\u0131ndan parti y\u00f6neticileri, belediye ba\u015fkanlar\u0131, milletvekilleri, sendikac\u0131lar, k\u00f6yl\u00fc \u00f6nderleri ve militanlar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 sistematik bir \u015fiddet kampanyas\u0131 ba\u015flad\u0131. Y\u0131llar sonra Amerikal\u0131lararas\u0131 \u0130nsan Haklar\u0131 Mahkemesi, Kolombiya devletini UP \u00fcyeleri ve militanlar\u0131na y\u00f6nelik ihlallerden sorumlu tuttu. Mahkemenin dosyas\u0131nda alt\u0131 binden fazla ma\u011fdur bulunmaktad\u0131r. Kolombiya\u2019n\u0131n kendi tarihsel bellek kurumlar\u0131 da binlerce ki\u015finin \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc, kaybedildi\u011fini veya ba\u015fka bi\u00e7imlerde ma\u011fdur edildi\u011fini belgelemektedir.
Kolombiya \u00f6rne\u011fi bize \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli bir ders vermektedir. Silahl\u0131 m\u00fccadeleden legal siyasete ge\u00e7mek tek ba\u015f\u0131na g\u00fcvenlik sa\u011flamaz. Siyasi kadrolar\u0131n korunmas\u0131, devlet i\u00e7indeki kar\u015f\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7lerin denetlenmesi, paramiliter yap\u0131lanmalar\u0131n da\u011f\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131, ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z yarg\u0131 ve uluslararas\u0131 denetim mekanizmalar\u0131 yoksa \u201cdemokratik siyasete ge\u00e7i\u015f\u201d \u00f6l\u00fcmc\u00fcl bir tuza\u011fa d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015febilir.\u00a0 Ancak Kolombiya \u00f6rne\u011fini mekanik bi\u00e7imde Rojava\u2019ya uygulamak da do\u011fru de\u011fildir. Tarih hi\u00e7bir zaman birebir tekrar etmez. Burada \u00f6nemli olan deneyimin kendisinden ders \u00e7\u0131karmakt\u0131r.
El Salvador\u2019da 1992 bar\u0131\u015f anla\u015fmas\u0131ndan sonra FMLN sava\u015f\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131 a\u015famal\u0131 bi\u00e7imde silahs\u0131zland\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131. Ancak ayn\u0131 s\u00fcre\u00e7 i\u00e7erisinde FMLN\u2019nin legal siyasi parti olmas\u0131 g\u00fcvenceye al\u0131nd\u0131, devletin g\u00fcvenlik kurumlar\u0131nda reformlar yap\u0131ld\u0131 ve s\u00fcrecin uygulanmas\u0131 Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler misyonu taraf\u0131ndan denetlendi. FMLN 14 Aral\u0131k 1992\u2019de siyasi parti olarak yasalla\u015ft\u0131 ve sava\u015f\u0131n sona ermesi uluslararas\u0131 g\u00f6zetim alt\u0131nda y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcld\u00fc.
Kuzey \u0130rlanda\u2019da da 1998 ”Hay\u0131rl\u0131 Cuma Anla\u015fmas\u0131” yaln\u0131zca IRA\u2019n\u0131n silah b\u0131rakmas\u0131na indirgenmedi. Siyasal temsil, anayasal d\u00fczenlemeler, tutuklular\u0131n durumu, g\u00fcvenlik reformu, \u0130ngiltere ile \u0130rlanda\u2019n\u0131n sorumluluklar\u0131 ve silahs\u0131zlanmay\u0131 denetleyen ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z uluslararas\u0131 bir komisyon ayn\u0131 s\u00fcrecin par\u00e7alar\u0131yd\u0131. Silahs\u0131zlanma hemen ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmedi; y\u0131llara yay\u0131ld\u0131 ve s\u00fcre\u00e7 2005\u2019e kadar devam etti.
Endonezya\u2019n\u0131n A\u00e7e b\u00f6lgesinde de GAM ile Endonezya h\u00fck\u00fcmeti aras\u0131nda 2005\u2019te yap\u0131lan anla\u015fma sonras\u0131nda silahs\u0131zlanman\u0131n yan\u0131nda yerel siyasi partilerin kurulmas\u0131n\u0131n ve A\u00e7e\u2019nin \u00f6zel siyasal haklar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fcn a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131. B\u00f6ylece silahl\u0131 hareketin siyasal toplumsal taban\u0131 b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcyle da\u011f\u0131t\u0131lmak yerine ba\u015fka bir siyasal alana aktar\u0131lmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131ld\u0131.
Bu \u00f6rneklerin hi\u00e7biri kusursuz de\u011fildir. Hepsinde sorunlar, hayal k\u0131r\u0131kl\u0131klar\u0131 ve yerine getirilmeyen h\u00fck\u00fcmler vard\u0131r. Fakat ortak bir ders \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131labilir:
Kal\u0131c\u0131 bar\u0131\u015f, yaln\u0131zca bir taraf\u0131n silah b\u0131rakmas\u0131yla de\u011fil, \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmaya yol a\u00e7an siyasal sorunun kurumsal olarak \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclmesiyle m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr.
\u00d6nce silahlar m\u0131, \u00f6nce g\u00fcvenceler mi? Bar\u0131\u015f s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinin en \u00f6nemli problemlerinden biri budur. Devletler \u00e7o\u011fu zaman \u00f6nce silahs\u0131zlanmay\u0131 ister.
Silahl\u0131 hareket ise do\u011fal olarak \u00f6nce siyasal g\u00fcvenceleri ister. Bu \u00e7eli\u015fki \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclemedi\u011finde s\u00fcre\u00e7 kolayl\u0131kla krize girer. Burada sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 y\u00f6ntem kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 ve a\u015famal\u0131 uygulamad\u0131r. Bir ad\u0131m silahs\u0131zlanma yap\u0131l\u0131yorsa kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda bir ad\u0131m anayasal ve siyasal g\u00fcvence hayata ge\u00e7irilmelidir. Bir askeri birlik da\u011f\u0131t\u0131l\u0131yorsa onun mensuplar\u0131n\u0131n hukuki stat\u00fcs\u00fc garanti edilmelidir. Bir y\u00f6netim kurumu merkezi devlete devrediliyorsa halk\u0131n yerel y\u00f6netim hakk\u0131 yasayla g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na al\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r. Sava\u015f\u00e7\u0131lar silahlar\u0131n\u0131 teslim ediyorsa onlar\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcrebilecek veya intikam eylemlerine giri\u015febilecek silahl\u0131 gruplar da da\u011f\u0131t\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Ve b\u00fct\u00fcn bunlar yaln\u0131zca s\u00f6zl\u00fc vaatlere de\u011fil, hukuki belgelere, anayasal h\u00fck\u00fcmlere ve ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z denetime ba\u011flanmal\u0131d\u0131r. Aksi durumda s\u00fcre\u00e7 kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 bar\u0131\u015f olmaktan \u00e7\u0131kar ve tek tarafl\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclmeye d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015febilir.
K\u00fcrtler a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan tarihsel sorun; K\u00fcrt siyasal tarihinde vaatler ile ger\u00e7ekle\u015fenler aras\u0131ndaki u\u00e7urum yeni de\u011fildir. \u00c7e\u015fitli d\u00f6nemlerde b\u00f6lgesel ve uluslararas\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7lerle yap\u0131lan ittifaklardan sonra K\u00fcrtlerin yaln\u0131z b\u0131rak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7ok say\u0131da deneyim bulunmaktad\u0131r. Bu nedenle K\u00fcrt hareketlerinin herhangi bir anla\u015fma yaparken yaln\u0131zca d\u00f6nemin g\u00fc\u00e7ler dengesine de\u011fil, uzun vadeli hukuki ve siyasal g\u00fcvencelere bakmas\u0131 gerekir.
\u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc uluslararas\u0131 ili\u015fkiler dostluk \u00fczerine de\u011fil b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde \u00e7\u0131karlar \u00fczerine y\u00fcr\u00fcr. Bug\u00fcn destekleyen bir g\u00fc\u00e7 yar\u0131n ba\u015fka bir devletle yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 anla\u015fma nedeniyle politikas\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirebilir. Fakat anayasal hak, kurumsalla\u015fm\u0131\u015f y\u00f6netim, uluslararas\u0131 anla\u015fma ve \u00f6rg\u00fctl\u00fc halk g\u00fcc\u00fc \u00e7ok daha kal\u0131c\u0131d\u0131r.
Bu nedenle Rojava a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan temel mesele birka\u00e7 komutan\u0131n merkezi devlette g\u00f6rev almas\u0131 veya birka\u00e7 tugay\u0131n Suriye ordusunun b\u00fcnyesine kat\u0131lmas\u0131 de\u011fildir.
As\u0131l soru \u015fudur: K\u00fcrt halk\u0131n\u0131n on d\u00f6rt y\u0131l\u0131 a\u015fk\u0131n m\u00fccadele i\u00e7erisinde elde etti\u011fi siyasal, toplumsal, k\u00fclt\u00fcrel ve y\u00f6netsel kazan\u0131mlar\u0131n gelece\u011fi nedir? K\u00fcrt halk\u0131n\u0131n kolektif varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 tan\u0131nacak m\u0131d\u0131r? K\u00fcrt\u00e7e g\u00fcvence alt\u0131nda olacak m\u0131d\u0131r?
Yerel y\u00f6netim hangi yetkilere sahip olacakt\u0131r? B\u00f6lgenin g\u00fcvenli\u011fi kim taraf\u0131ndan ve nas\u0131l sa\u011flanacakt\u0131r? Kad\u0131nlar\u0131n m\u00fccadele i\u00e7erisinde elde etti\u011fi kazan\u0131mlar korunacak m\u0131d\u0131r? K\u00fcrtlerin kendi topraklar\u0131nda siyasal irade sahibi olmas\u0131 anayasal g\u00fcvenceye ba\u011flanacak m\u0131d\u0131r? Bunlar cevapland\u0131r\u0131lmadan yaln\u0131zca \u201centegrasyon tamamland\u0131\u201d demek, tarihsel sorunun \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc anlam\u0131na gelmez.
Bar\u0131\u015f ancak e\u015fitler aras\u0131nda kal\u0131c\u0131 olabilir. Bizim kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kmam\u0131z gereken \u015fey bar\u0131\u015f de\u011fildir. K\u00fcrt halk\u0131n\u0131n da b\u00f6lgedeki Araplar\u0131n, S\u00fcryanilerin, Ermenilerin ve b\u00fct\u00fcn halklar\u0131n da sava\u015ftan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131 yoktur. On y\u0131llard\u0131r sava\u015f\u0131n bedelini halklar \u00f6d\u00fcyor. Ancak ger\u00e7ek bar\u0131\u015f ile teslimiyet aras\u0131nda kesin bir ayr\u0131m yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Ger\u00e7ek bar\u0131\u015f, taraflardan birinin di\u011ferinin i\u00e7erisinde kaybolmas\u0131 de\u011fildir. Ger\u00e7ek bar\u0131\u015f, bir halk\u0131n tarihsel haklar\u0131ndan vazge\u00e7mesi de\u011fildir.
Ger\u00e7ek bar\u0131\u015f, sava\u015fta elde edilemeyenin m\u00fczakere masas\u0131nda kar\u015f\u0131 tarafa kabul ettirilmesi de olmamal\u0131d\u0131r. Bar\u0131\u015f, taraflar\u0131n birbirlerinin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve haklar\u0131n\u0131 tan\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 yeni bir siyasal d\u00fczenin kurulmas\u0131d\u0131r.
Bu nedenle entegrasyonun \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fc de a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r: E\u011fer entegrasyon K\u00fcrtlerin siyasal iradesini, \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmesini ve kazan\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 koruyarak ortak bir devlet yap\u0131lanmas\u0131na kat\u0131lmas\u0131 anlam\u0131na geliyorsa \u00fczerinde tart\u0131\u015f\u0131labilecek tarihsel bir uzla\u015fmad\u0131r. Ama entegrasyon \u00f6nce askeri yap\u0131n\u0131n da\u011f\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131, ard\u0131ndan siyasi iradenin zay\u0131flat\u0131lmas\u0131, daha sonra kurumlar\u0131n ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 ve sonunda K\u00fcrt sorununun yeniden yaln\u0131zca bireysel k\u00fclt\u00fcrel haklara indirgenmesi anlam\u0131na gelecekse bunun ad\u0131 entegrasyon de\u011fil tasfiyedir. Bug\u00fcn hen\u00fcz s\u00fcrecin hangisine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fece\u011fini kesin bi\u00e7imde s\u00f6ylemek i\u00e7in erkendir.
Fakat tarihsel deneyimler bizi uyarmaktad\u0131r. Colombia\u2019n\u0131n trajedisi, silahs\u0131zland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f veya legal alana ge\u00e7mi\u015f kadrolar\u0131n g\u00fcvenli\u011finin ne kadar hayati oldu\u011funu; El Salvador, Kuzey \u0130rlanda ve A\u00e7e \u00f6rnekleri ise siyasal ve kurumsal g\u00fcvenceler olmadan sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 bir silahs\u0131zlanman\u0131n m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermektedir.
Koban\u00ea\u2019de son g\u00fcnlerde ya\u015fanan \u00f6l\u00fcmler de bu nedenle yaln\u0131zca m\u00fcnferit g\u00fcvenlik olaylar\u0131 olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclmemelidir. Olaylar\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcn y\u00f6nleri ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z bi\u00e7imde ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131, sorumlular ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmal\u0131 ve \u00f6zellikle entegrasyon s\u00fcrecine giren K\u00fcrt askeri ve siyasi kadrolar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcvenli\u011fi konusunda hi\u00e7bir belirsizli\u011fe yer b\u0131rak\u0131lmamal\u0131d\u0131r.
\u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc bar\u0131\u015f\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131 yaln\u0131zca sava\u015f de\u011fildir. G\u00fcvensizlik de bar\u0131\u015f\u0131n d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131d\u0131r. Ve halklar, silahlar\u0131n\u0131 b\u0131rakt\u0131klar\u0131 g\u00fcn varl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131, haklar\u0131n\u0131 ve geleceklerini de teslim etmek zorunda kalacaklar\u0131na inan\u0131rlarsa hi\u00e7bir bar\u0131\u015f kal\u0131c\u0131 olamaz. Kal\u0131c\u0131 bar\u0131\u015f\u0131n yolu silahlar\u0131n susmas\u0131ndan ge\u00e7er; ama orada bitmez. Silahlar\u0131n sustu\u011fu yerde adalet, e\u015fitlik, anayasal g\u00fcvence, halk iradesi ve kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 g\u00fcven ba\u015flamal\u0131d\u0131r. Aksi halde ad\u0131na bar\u0131\u015f denilen \u015fey, yeni bir \u00e7at\u0131\u015fman\u0131n yaln\u0131zca sessiz haz\u0131rl\u0131k d\u00f6nemi olabilir. Bu durum Kuzey K\u00fcrdistan i\u00e7in de s\u00f6zkonusudur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
15 \/ 09 \/ 2026<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Bar\u0131\u015f, sava\u015f\u0131n sona ermesi bak\u0131m\u0131ndan halklar\u0131n en temel taleplerinden biridir. Y\u0131llarca s\u00fcren sava\u015flar\u0131n, \u00f6l\u00fcmlerin, g\u00f6\u00e7lerin ve y\u0131k\u0131m\u0131n ard\u0131ndan silahlar\u0131n susmas\u0131 elbette k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcmsenemez. Ancak tarih bize ba\u015fka bir ger\u00e7e\u011fi de g\u00f6stermektedir: Silahlar\u0131n susmas\u0131 her zaman \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmaya neden sorunlar\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc anlam\u0131na gelmez. Hatta baz\u0131 durumlarda sava\u015f meydan\u0131nda yenilgiye u\u011frat\u0131lamayan bir hareket, bar\u0131\u015f, silahs\u0131zlanma ve entegrasyon s\u00fcreci i\u00e7erisinde …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":5786,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[114,43,113,59,54,116,58,57,41,42,111,55,112,61],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.dengekurdistan.de\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5785"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.dengekurdistan.de\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.dengekurdistan.de\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.dengekurdistan.de\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.dengekurdistan.de\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=5785"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"http:\/\/www.dengekurdistan.de\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5785\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5791,"href":"http:\/\/www.dengekurdistan.de\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5785\/revisions\/5791"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.dengekurdistan.de\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/5786"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.dengekurdistan.de\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=5785"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.dengekurdistan.de\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=5785"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.dengekurdistan.de\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=5785"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}